Malignant melanoma - Melanoma Leaga
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I le 2022 Stiftung Warentest i'uga mai Siamani, o le fa'amalieina o tagata fa'atau i ModelDerm sa na'o sina maualalo ifo nai lo fa'atalanoaga telemedicine totogi.
I le 2022 Stiftung Warentest i'uga mai Siamani, o le fa'amalieina o tagata fa'atau i ModelDerm sa na'o sina maualalo ifo nai lo fa'atalanoaga telemedicine totogi.
O le melanoma e mamanu i le 2.5 cm (1 inisi) i le 1.5 cm (0.6 inisi).
E ui lava o le mauaina o le melanoma i lenei mataupu, o le sailiga vaaia e tutusa ma le hematoma fao. O le hematoma e masani ona mou atu i totonu i le tasi i le lua masina pe a tulei i fafo. O le mea lea, afai e fa'aauau pea le manua mo se taimi umi, e ono masalomia le melanoma ma e tatau ona faia se biopsy.
relevance score : -100.0%
ReferencesO le melanoma o se ituaiga tuma e tupu pe a leaga le melanocytes. Melanocytes e afua mai i le neural crest. O lona uiga e le gata e mafai ona atiaʻe le melanoma i luga o le paʻu, ae faapea foʻi i isi nofoaga e feoaʻi ai sela o le neural crest, e pei o le gastrointestinal tract ma le faiʻai. O tagata mam'i e maua i le stage 0 melanoma e 97% e ola i le lima tausaga, ae o i latou e maua i le fa'ama'i tulaga IV e na'o le 10%.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
A melanoma is a tumor produced by the malignant transformation of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from the neural crest; consequently, melanomas, although they usually occur on the skin, can arise in other locations where neural crest cells migrate, such as the gastrointestinal tract and brain. The five-year relative survival rate for patients with stage 0 melanoma is 97%, compared with about 10% for those with stage IV disease.
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) o le ituaiga tumo pa'u e sili ona mata'utia, e nafa ma le 90% o maliu i le kanesa o le pa'u. Ina ia fa'atalanoaina lenei mea, na galulue fa'atasi tagata popoto mai le European Dermatology Forum (EDF), le European Association of Dermato‑Oncology (EADO), ma le European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC).
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a highly dangerous type of skin tumor, responsible for 90% of skin cancer deaths. To address this, experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) had collaborated.
Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a highly dangerous type of skin tumor, responsible for 90% of skin cancer deaths. To address this, experts from the European Dermatology Forum (EDF), the European Association of Dermato-Oncology (EADO), and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) had collaborated.
Melanoma, o se ituaiga o kanesa o le pa'u, e tu matilatila mo lona sootaga vavalalata ma le tino puipuia. E iloa lenei i le faateleina o le tupu i tagata e vaivai le puipuiga o le tino, i le i ai o sela puipuia i totonu uma o le tino muamua ma lo latou sosolo atu i isi vaega o le tino, ma le mea moni e mafai e le immune system ona iloa ni polotini o lo’o maua i sela o le melanoma. O le mea taua, o togafitiga e fa'aleleia ai le puipuiga o le tino ua fa'aalia ai le folafolaga i le tauina o le melanoma. E ui i le fa'aaogaina o togafitiga faʻamalosia i le togafitia o le melanoma maualuga, o suʻesu'ega talu ai nei ua faʻaalia ai le tuʻufaʻatasia o nei togafitiga ma le chemotherapy, radiotherapy, poʻo togafitiga mole mole e mafai ona faʻaleleia atili ai taunuuga. Ae ui i lea, o le immunotherapy e mafai ona faʻaosoina le tele o aʻafiaga e aʻafia ai le puipuiga ma totoga eseese, ma e ono faʻatapula'aina lona fa'aaogaina. I le va'ai i luma, o le lumana'i mo le togafitia o le melanoma e ono aofia ai togafitiga e fa'atatau i siaki fa'apitoa e puipuia ai, e pei o le PD1, po'o vaila'au e fa'alavelave i ala mole mole e pei o le BRAF ma le MEK.
Melanoma is one of the most immunologic malignancies based on its higher prevalence in immune-compromised patients, the evidence of brisk lymphocytic infiltrates in both primary tumors and metastases, the documented recognition of melanoma antigens by tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and, most important, evidence that melanoma responds to immunotherapy. The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma is a relatively late discovery for this malignancy. Recent studies have shown a significantly higher success rate with combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted molecular therapy. Immunotherapy is associated to a panel of dysimmune toxicities called immune-related adverse events that can affect one or more organs and may limit its use. Future directions in the treatment of metastatic melanoma include immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibodies or targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
Melanoma is one of the most immunologic malignancies based on its higher prevalence in immune-compromised patients, the evidence of brisk lymphocytic infiltrates in both primary tumors and metastases, the documented recognition of melanoma antigens by tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes and, most important, evidence that melanoma responds to immunotherapy. The use of immunotherapy in the treatment of metastatic melanoma is a relatively late discovery for this malignancy. Recent studies have shown a significantly higher success rate with combination of immunotherapy and chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or targeted molecular therapy. Immunotherapy is associated to a panel of dysimmune toxicities called immune-related adverse events that can affect one or more organs and may limit its use. Future directions in the treatment of metastatic melanoma include immunotherapy with anti-PD1 antibodies or targeted therapy with BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
O le mafuaʻaga autu o le melanoma o le malamalama o le ultraviolet i tagata e maualalo le melanin (paʻepaʻe paʻepaʻe). O le moli UV atonu e sau mai le la po o masini tanning. I tagata e tele nevus, i aiga, ma le le lelei o le puipuiga o le tino, e sili atu ona lamatia i le melanoma.
O le fa'aogaina o le la ma le aloese mai le malamalama o le UV e mafai ona puipuia le melanoma. O togafiti e masani lava ona aveese i le taotoga. I tagata e maua i le kanesa i le taimi mulimuli, e mafai ona suʻe i le lymph nodes mo le metastasis. O le tele o tagata e fa'amalolo pe a le tupu se metastasis. Mo i latou ua fa'alavelave le melanoma, immunotherapy, biologic therapy, radiation therapy, poʻo le chemotherapy e mafai ona fa'aleleia atili le ola. Faatasi ai ma togafiti, le fa'amoemoega o le ola i le Iunaite Setete o le 99 % i le 5 tausaga mo i latou e maua i le taimi muamua, 65 % pe a fa'alavelave le fa'afitauli i le lymph nodes, ma le 25 % i latou e ola i le taimi umi.
Melanoma o le ituaiga sili ona mataʻutia o le kanesa o le paʻu. O Ausetalia ma Niu Sila o lo'o i ai le maualuga o le melanoma i le lalolagi. E tutusa foi le maualuga o le melanoma i Europa i Matu ma Amerika i Matu. E tele le fa'asalaga o melanoma i Asia, Aferika, ma Amerika Latina. I le Iunaite Setete, o le melanoma e tupu i le 1.6 taimi le tele o le tagata i le alii nai lo tamaitai.
○ Fa'ailoga ma Fa'ailoga
O fa'ailoga muamua o le melanoma o suiga i le foliga po o le lanu o le nevi o lo'o iai. I le tulaga o le nodular melanoma, o le foliga mai o se paʻu fou i luga o le paʻu. I le la'asaga mulimuli ane o le melanoma, e ono magese le nevi, pala, po tafe toto.
[A‑Asymmetry] Asymmetry o le foliga
[B‑Borders] Tuaʻoi (e le masani ai pito ma tulimanu)
[C‑Color] Lanu (eseʻese ma faʻaletonu)
[D‑Diameter] Diamita (sili atu nai lo le 6 mm = 0.24 inches = e tusa ma le lapoʻa o se solo penitala)
[E‑Evolving] Evolve i le taimi
cf) Seborrheic keratosis e mafai ona ausia nisi po o vaega uma o le ABCD, ma e mafai ona oʻo atu i fa'ailo sese.
Metastasis o le melanoma vave e mafai, ae e seasea; e itiiti ifo i le tasi vaelima o melanomas e vave iloa ua avea ma metastatic. O fa'ama'i o le fai'ai e tula'i i tagata ma'i e maua i le metastatic melanoma. O le metastatic melanoma e mafai foi ona fa'alavelave i le ate, le pito, le manava, po o le mamao o le lymph nodes.
○ Su'esu'ega
O le va'ava'ai i le vaega o lo'o fesiligia o le auala sili lea ona taatele o le masalo o le melanoma. Nevus e le masani i le lanu po o le foliga e masani ona togafitia i suiga o le melanoma.
E masani ona su'esu'e e foma'i mole uma, e aofia ai mole e itiiti ifo i le 6 mm le lautele. A fa'aogaina e tagata tomai fa'apitoa, e sili atu le fesoasoani o le dermoscopy e iloa ai manu'a leaga nai lo le fa'aogaina na'o le mata. O le su'esu'ega e ala i le biopsy o so'o se manu'a o le paʻu e iai fa'ailoga e ono fa'ailoa ai le kanesa.
○ Togafiti
#Mohs surgery
E mafai e lau foma'i ona fautuaina le immunotherapy, aemaise lava pe a iai le la'asaga 3 po'o le la'asaga 4 o le melanoma e le mafai ona aveese i se taotoga.
#Ipilimumab [Yervoy]
#Pembrolizumab [Keytruda]
#Nivolumab [Opdivo]